Management styles

Current trends in management

• Do more with less
• Listen to your customers
• Take literature and apply to setting
• Focus on quality service
• Measure your performance

Trends change all the time.

Management by objectives (MBO)

• Four basic management functions
• Set objectives
• Organize
• Around objective
•  Measure
• Whether objectives are met
• Develop people

Six other management tasks identified by Drucker

• Take risks
• Make strategic decisions
• Build a team
• Management should collaborate
• Communicate quickly and clearly
• See the role of the unit in the context of the organization as a whole
• Manage by walking around

Crainer, Stuart. The Ultimate Business Library: 110 Thinkers Who Really Make a Difference. New York: AMACOM, 1998, p. 53.

Total quality management

• Based on the writings of W. Edward Deming
• Roots in the Japanese concept of quality circles
• Emphasis is on achieving customer satisfaction, continuous improvement of organizational processes and on the production of high quality products and services

All effort needs to be put in for total quality management to work.

PDCA cycle

• The Plan-Do-Check-Act Cycle
  
• Plan carefully what needs to be done
• Do it, i.e., carry out the plan
• Check on progress and results
• Act on both positive and negative results
• Start the cycle again with a revised plan

The PDCA cycle is part of TQM, similar to strategic planning. What are the parent organization’s missions? Can they see what is in it for them? There are numerous strategies in organizations, some can be similar with only a twist.

Customer

• The next person who gets your work
• Not necessarily the public. Could be a department within the library, e.g., Acquisitions, Cataloguing
• You must know the requirements of your customer

Measure progress

• Set key indicators and targets
• Strive for effectiveness and efficiency
• Effectiveness: doing the right things
• Efficiency: doing things right

TQM in libraries

• Based on
• Customer focus
• Process improvement
• How can libraries continually improve? E.g. interlibrary loan - type four part form, send/receive by mail, then fax machine, e-mail, Internet, Arial scanning
• Employment empowerment
• More libraries are allowing employees to make decisions with perhaps not applying rules

Learning organizations

• Theory by Peter Senge
• Need to tap people’s commitment and capacity to learn
• “Learning is about changing individuals so that they produce results they care about, accomplish things, that are important to them”

Crainer, Stuart. The Ultimate Business Library: 50 Books that Shaped Management Thinking. New York: AMACOM, 1997, p. 237.

Leadership
What makes a leader?

Visible	Listening skills
Inspiring	Motivated
Enthusiastic	Passionate
Authority	Allows feedback for own improvement
Consistent decision making	Willing decision making
Observes/utilizes strengths/weaknesses	Can draw individuals group/delegate
Balance between taking charge/backing off	Inner confidence
Willing to admit defeat/responsibility for own vision	Vision
Integrity	Decisiveness
Dependability	Ability to communicate

Examples of good leaders:

• Donald Trump, risk taker
• Bill Clinton, charismatic
• Winston Churchill, inspiring
• Adolf Hitler, enigmatic
• Lee Iacocoa, vision, innovative, motivate
• Mother Theresa/Ghandi, lead by nature

From: Be Prepared to Lead, Applied Leadership Skills for Business Managers, Instructor’s Manual.

Leadership styles

Employee types